CLASSIFICATION

CLASSIFICATION

What is does the word classify mean?Classify -    to group things according to                 similar/different features                 (structures) that they share
“Science” of classification is called taxonomy

Classification:  Living things vs. Nonliving things

Properties of Nonliving Things
(Property- A quality/trait/feature that describes object)
Not made of cells
  Do not carry out life activities
Do not move by themselves
Do not develop and reproduce

Classification:  Living things vs. Nonliving things

Properties of Living Things
Carries out basic life activities
Move, grow, and reproduce
Senses and reacts to their environment
Organism-  A living thing that can carry               out all of the basic life activities

WHAT’S IN A NAME?

Scientists have a system for naming all the living organisms on earth.
The system was created by a Swedish scientist named Carolus Linnaeus
Developed over 200 years ago
He gave each organism a two-word Latin name (Binomial Nomenclature)

Linneaus’ System of Scientific Names

Each species of a living thing is given a DOUBLE NAME
    EX:    Just like your first and last name
First Name (Genus)   
Tells which group of similar species the living thing belongs to
Second Name (Species)
Tells the name of the one particular species in that genus

Linneaus’ System of Scientific Names

Example: Scientific Name for a dog            Canis familiaris
Scientific Name for a Timber Wolf        Canis lupus
Scientific Name for a Coyote            Canis latrans
Notice that the word Canis is used in all of these names. This is the   Latin word for DOG.
It is used as the genus name because these animals are all dog-like animals
The second name, species, indicates the particular type of dog

Linneau’s System of Scientific Names

Binomial Nomenclature - Rules
Example: Canis familiaris
1.  First letter of first word (genus) is always capitalized
2.  First letter of second word (species) is not capitalized
Both words are italicized or
DO NOT underline space between words!!!

How Are Living Things Classified?

There are 7 levels in the classification system of organisms
As one goes from the Kingdom to the Species (DOWNWARD)…An increase in the similarity between organisms occur
There are fewer numbers of different kinds of organisms

How Are Living Things Classified Cont’d?

Kingdom:  The highest level
Phylum:  A subdivision of a kingdom
Class:  Each phylum is divided into classes
Order:  Each class is divided into orders
Family:  Each order is divided into families
Genus:  Each family is divided into genera
Species:  Lowest level (represents a single type of organism)

How Are Living Things Classified Cont’d?

Homework:  Write an original catch phrase for the categories of classification so that each word in the phrase begins with the letter of the category in their correct order from largest to smallest

How Are Living Things Classified Cont’d?

Assignment: Write-out, highlight, and then following questions about how living things are classified.
1.  Who was Carolus Linneaus?
2.  Define property.
3.  Give one example of a property.
4.  List the 7 levels of classification starting with the largest group.
5.  What is binomial nomenclature?
6.  List the three rules of binomial nomenclature.